Course Syllabus For Embedded Systems Training in Noida

ADVANCED COURSE IN EMBEDDED C

Practical C

• Why C in Embedded
• ANSI Standard
• Fundamentals of C
• Datatypes and Constants
• Simple & Formatted I/O
• Memory Usage
• Operators & Expressions
• Flow Control
• Loops

Functions

• Role of Functions
• Pass by value / reference
• Returning values from Functions
• Recursive Functions
• Call Back Functions
• Implications on Stack
• Library Vs User defined function
• Passing variable number of arguments

Arrays

• Defining, initializing and using arrays
• Multi-Dimensional Arrays
• Arrays of Characters and Strings
• Arrays and Pointers
• Passing arrays to functions
• String handling with and without library functions

Storage Classes

• Scope and Life
• Automatic, Static, External, Register
• Memory(CPU / RAM)

Structures & Unions

• What structures are for
• Declaration, initialization
• Accessing like objects
• Nested Structures
• Array of Structures
• Passing structures through functions
• Allocation of memory and holes
• Structure Comparison
• Structure bit operation
• Typedef for portability
• Unions
• Overlapping members

Enumerated data types

• Enum, Indexing, enum Vs #define

Bit Operations

• AND ( & ), OR ( | ), XOR ( ^ )
• Compliment ( ~ )
• Left-Shift ( << ), Right Shift ( >> )
• Masking, Setting, Clearing and Testing of Bit / Bits

Pointers

• The purpose of pointers
• Defining pointers
• The & and * operators
• Pointer Assignment
• Pointer Arithmetic
• Multiple indirections
• Advanced pointer types
• Generic and Null Pointer
• Function Pointers
• Pointers to Arrays and Strings
• Array of Pointers
• Pointers to Structure and Union
• Pointers to Dynamic memory
• Far, Near and Huge Pointers
• Pointer Type Casting

Dynamic Memory Allocation

• Malloc(), Calloc(), Realloc(), Free()
Farmalloc(), Farcalloc()

File Handling Concepts

• Concept of a FILE data type
• Inode, FILE structure
• File pointer
• Character handling routines
• Formatted Data Routines
• Raw data Routines
• Random Access to FILE

Command line Arguments

• Argc, argv
• Variable Inputs to the main

Compiler in Practical

• Compiler, Assembler, Linker
• Conditional Compilation
• Multiple File Compilation
• Code Optimization techniques
• Volatile, #pragma

Data Structures

• Linear & non-linear
• Homogeneous & non-homogeneous
• Static & Dynamic
• Single, Double & Circular Linked Lists
• Stacks & Queues
• Binary Trees

Sorting and Searching Techniques

• Insertion, Selection, Bubble, Merge, Quick, Heap

Concepts and Real-time Exposure

• Development Tools and Environment
• Make Utility
• Industry Coding Standards
• Object / Executable File Format
• Debugger

Mini Project 1

Linux Internals

Introduction

• Kernel Architecture
• Application
• Shell and Services
• System Calls
• Error Handling

Library

• Linker and Loader
• Static Dynamic Library

Process Management

• Process Control Block
• Process Creation and Exit
• Process Scheduling Policies
• Process Limits
• Process Priorities
• Foreground & Background Processes
• Race Condition
• Synchronization
• Copy-on-write
• Process time values
• Daemon Process

Interrupts

• Process Interrupt
• Raise of Signal
• Catching signal
• Signal action

File Management

• Files and File Attributes
• File Descriptor
• File I/O
• Duplicating File & File Descriptor
• File Control operations
• File types
• Protection
• Inode

Inter Process Communication & Synchronization

• Pipe
• Fifo
• Message Queue
• Shared Memory
• Client – Server properties
• Semaphore

Threads

• Creation
• Termination
• Synchronization
• Attributes

Memory Management

• Paging
• Reentrancy
• Segmentation
• Virtual Memory
• Memory Protection
• Memory Sharing

Shell Script

• Types of Shell
• Shell Variables
• Control Statements
• Looping
• Command Line Arguments

Mini Project 2

Networking and TCP/IP Applications

• Network Structure
• Classifications and Topologies
• Switching and Routing
• Gateway, repeater, Hub, Bridge
• OSI & TCP/IP Protocol Layers
• Physical & Logical Addresses
• ARP & RARP
• Internet Protocol
• Routing Protocol and IP Datagrams
• Error and Control Messages (ICMP) UDP
• Transfer Control Protocol
• TCP Networking Applications
• (FTP, TFTP,TELNET,DNS,DHCP,SNTP,POP3,IMAP,SNMP)

Socket Programming

• Overview
• Concurrent Processing
• Programming Interface
• Socket Interface
• Client / Server Design
• Concurrent Connection-Oriented Servers
• Socket Calls for TCP and UDP
• Single Process
• Concurrent Servers
• Remote Procedure Call
• Implementation of TFTP / SMTP

Mini Project 3

Microcontroller Intel 8051

Introduction

• Microprocessor vs Microcontroller
• CISC vs RISC

Overview of Architecture of 8051

• Processor Core and Functional Block Diagram
• Description of memory organization
• Overview of ALL SFR’s and their basic functionality

Low-level Programming Concepts

• Addressing Modes
• Instruction Set and Assembly Language (ALP)
• Developing, Building and Debugging ALP’s

Middle Level Programming Concepts

• Cross Compiler
• Embedded C Implementation, prog. * Debugging
• Differences from ASNSI-C
• Memory Models
• Library reference
• Use of #pragma directive
• Functions, Parameter passing and return types

On-Chip Peripherals

• Ports: Input/output
• Timers & Counters
• Interrupts, UART

External Interfaces

• LEDS
• Switches (Momentary type, Toggle type)
• Seven Segment Display: (Normal mode, BCD mode,
• Internal Multiplexing & External Multiplexing)
• LCD (4bit, 8bit, Busy Flag, Custom Character Generation)
• Keypad Matrix

Protocols

• I2C (EEPROM), SPI (EEPROM)

Keil’s RTX51 Tiny / Pumpkin’s Salvo

• Overview
• Specifications
• Single-Tasking Programs
• Multi-Tasking Programs
• RTX51 Tiny Programs
• Theory of Operation
• Timer Tick Interrupt
• Task Management & Scheduler Events
• Round-Robin & Co-operative Task Switching
• Idle Task
• Stack Management
• Function Reference
• Porting on to H/W
• Implementation Examples

Selective Discussion during Project Development

• A/D & D/A Converter
• Stepper motor, DC Motor
• I2C Protocol (RTC:800583,DS1307 ADC:PCF8591, DS1621)
• SPI Protocols (ADC:MCP3001)
• IR Communications (Phillips RC5 Protocol)
• ZIGBEE, GSM, GPS, USB, MMC & SD
• Ethernet MAC, CAN Protocol

Mini Project 4

Real Time Operating System

RTOS RT-LINUX

• RT- Linux
• Different types of Operating systems
• RTOS basics – Linux as Real Time
• RTOS Introduction (Hard Real Time, Soft Real time)
• Latency in Linux, Priority Inheritance
• Linux 2.6 features for realtime
• 2.6 Kernel Compilation
• RT LINUX patching
• Linux RTPREEMPT Patches
• Configuring the Kernel with RT-PATCH
• Implemantation of Real Time application
• Linux real-time API
• Measuring and camparing scheduling latency in standard Linux and in RT-Linux with the latest RT patches
• Porting RT-Linux on ARM and application development

Object Oriented Programming with C++

• Overview
• Characteristics
• Function Overloading
• Scope Resolution Operator
• Classes in C++
• Access Specifiers
• Constructor, Destructor
• Static members, Functions
• Friend Classes, Friend Functions
• Operator Overloading
• Data Conversions
• Inheritance, Polymorphism
• Exception Handling, Templates
• Input and Output Streams

IoT on Raspberry Pi

Introduction to the “Internet of Things”

Introduction to Raspberry Pi

• Tools : Win32ImageWrite & SDFormatter
• Loading Raspbian OS image on SD CARD
• Demo programs using C
• Backing Up Updated SD CARD & OS image
• Installing Wiring Pi package
• Controlling the Raspberry Pi 2 GPIO by command line

Networking with Pi

• Client – Server programming for Automating Device / sniffing Device State

IoT -Cloud

• Installing and configuring PubNub SDK for C language
• Creating credentials with PubNub Cloud Server
• End to End IoT program demonstrations

Final Project on Embedded IoT

ARM – (Student Optional)

• Introduction
• Core Features
• Version History
• Data Flow Model
• Registers
• CPU Modes
• Memory Organization
• Interrupts
• Pipelining
• ARM Assembly Language Programming
• Addressing Modes
• ARM 7 Instruction Set (20/80% -rule of assembly language)
• Usage of Keil IDE
• Demonstrating ARM ISA
• Demonstrating THUMB ISA
• ARM Embedded C language Implementation
• Exposure to an ARM7 CPU Core Based Microcontroller
• LPC2114-ARM7 Based Microcontroller from Philips Semiconductors
• On-Chip System Peripherals
• Bus Structure (AMBA)
• Memory Map
• Phase Locked Loop
• VPB Driver
• Pin Connect Block
• On-ChipUser Peripherals
• General Purpose I/0 : Demo using switch & LED
• Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC)
• External Interrupts : Demos

Additional Modules (Will be dealt based on MNCs Requirement)

• Android
• iPhone
• Linux Devices Drivers
• Embedded Linux
• Windows Mobile
• Perl
• Python